| GEOGRAPHY |
| Country name: |
conventional long form: Republic of Tajikistan
conventional short form: Tajikistan
local long form: Jumhurii Tojikiston
local short form: Tojikiston
former: Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic |
| Capital: |
Dushanbe |
| Location: |
Central Asia, west of China |
| Geographic
Coordinates: |
39 00 N, 71 00 E |
| Area: |
total: 143,100 sq km
land: 142,700 sq km
water: 400 sq km |
| Area
Comparative: |
slightly smaller than Wisconsin |
| Land
Boundaries: |
total: 3,651 km
border countries: Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km |
| Coastline: |
0 km (landlocked) |
| Maritime
Claims: |
none (landlocked) |
| Climate: |
midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains |
| Terrain: |
Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest |
| Elavation
Extremes: |
lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m
highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m |
| Natural
Resources: |
hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold |
| GOVERNEMENT |
| Governement
Type: |
republic |
| Administratives
Divisions: |
2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and 1 autonomous province* (viloyati mukhtor); Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* [Gorno-Badakhshan] (Khorugh), Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati Sughd (Khujand)
note: the administrative center name follows in parentheses |
| Independence |
9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) |
| National
Holiday: |
Independence Day (or National Day), 9 September (1991) |
| Constitution: |
6 November 1994 |
| Legal
System; |
based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts |
| Suffrage |
18 years of age; universal |
| Executive
Branch: |
chief of state: President Emomali RAHMONOV (since 6 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly chairman since 19 November 1992)
head of government: Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly
elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 6 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); prime minister appointed by the president; Tajikistan held a constitutional referendum on 22 June 2003 that, among other things, set a limit of two seven-year terms for the president
election results: Emomali RAHMONOV elected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMONOV 97%, Davlat USMON 2% |
| Legislative
Branch: |
bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of the Assembly of Representatives (lower chamber) or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the National Assembly (upper chamber) or Majlisi Milliy (33 seats; members are indirectly elected, 25 selected by local deputies, 8 appointed by the president; all serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 27 February and 13 March 2000 for the Assembly of Representatives (next to be held NA 2010) and 23 March 2000 for the National Assembly (next to be held NA 2005)
election results: Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDPT 74%, CPT 13%, Islamic Revival Party 8%, other 5%; seats by party - PDPT 49, CPT 4, Islamic Revival Party 2, independents 5, vacant 3; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA |
| Judicial
Branch: |
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president) |
| Political
parties and Leaders: |
Democratic Party or DPT [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV]; Islamic Revival Party [Said Abdullo NURI]; People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMONOV]; Social Democratic Party or SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOIROV]; Socialist Party or SPT [Mirhuseyn NAZRIYEV]; Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV] |
| PEOPLE |
| Population: |
7,163,506 (July 2005 est.) |
| Age structure: |
0-14 years: 38.5% (male 1,390,220/female 1,368,268)
15-64 years: 56.7% (male 2,022,764/female 2,040,524)
65 years and over: 4.8% (male 150,372/female 191,358) (2005 est.) |
| Median age: |
total: 19.73 years
male: 19.45 years
female: 20.02 years (2005 est.) |
| Nationality: |
noun: Tajikistani(s)
adjective: Tajikistani |
| Ethnic groups: |
Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration), other 6.6% |
| Religions: |
Sunni Muslim 85%, Shi'a Muslim 5%, other 10% (2003 est.) |
| Languages: |
Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business |
| COMUNICATIONS |
| Telephones - main
lines in use: |
242,100 (2003) |
| Telephones - mobile
cellular: |
47,600 (2003) |
| Telephone system: |
general assessment: poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not linked to the national network
domestic: cable and microwave radio relay
international: country code - 992; linked by cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by Intelsat to international gateway switch in Ankara (Turkey); satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 2 Intelsat |
| Radio broadcast
stations: |
AM 8, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2002) |
| Television broadcast
stations: |
13 (2001) |
| Internet country
code: |
.tj |
| Internet hosts: |
69 (2004) |
| Internet users: |
4,100 (2003) |
| TRANSPORT |
| Railways: |
total: 482 km
broad gauge: 482 km 1.520-m gauge (2003) |
| Highways: |
total: 27,767 km
paved: NA
unpaved: NA (2000) |
| Waterways: |
200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2003) |
| Pipelines: |
gas 541 km; oil 38 km (2004) |
| Ports and harbors: |
none |
| Merchant marine: |
|
| Airports: |
66 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with
paved runways: |
total: 15
over 3,047 m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 4
1,524 to 2,437 m: 5
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 2 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with
unpaved runways: |
total: 51
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 10
under 914 m: 40 (2003 est.) |
| Heliports: |
|
