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Introduction: MONACO
Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
GEOGRAPHY
Country name: conventional long form: Principality of Monaco
conventional short form: Monaco
local long form: Principaute de Monaco
local short form: Monaco
Capital: Monaco
Location: Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Geographic Coordinates: 43 44 N, 7 24 E
Area: total: 1.95 sq km
land: 1.95 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area Comparative: about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land Boundaries: total: 4.4 km
border countries: France 4.4 km
Coastline: 4.1 km
Maritime Claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Terrain: hilly, rugged, rocky
Elavation Extremes: lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Agel 140 m
Natural Resources: none
GOVERNEMENT
Governement Type: constitutional monarchy
Administratives Divisions: none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Independence 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)
National Holiday: National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November
Constitution: 17 December 1962
Legal System; based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal
Executive Branch: chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005)
head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERCQ (since 5 January 2000)
cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch
elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
Legislative Branch: unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held February 2008)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3
Judicial Branch: Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
Political parties and Leaders: National and Democratic Union or UND [Jean-Louis CAMPORA]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM) [leader NA]
PEOPLE
Population: 32,409 (July 2005 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 15.5% (male 2,563/female 2,445)
15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,909/female 10,217)
65 years and over: 22.4% (male 2,972/female 4,303) (2005 est.)
Median age: total: 45.25 years
male: 43.27 years
female: 47.19 years (2005 est.)
Nationality: noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)
adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
Ethnic groups: French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Religions: Roman Catholic 90%
Languages: French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
COMUNICATIONS
Telephones - main lines in use: 33,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 19,300 (2002)
Telephone system: general assessment: modern automatic telephone system
domestic: NA
international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)
Television broadcast stations: 5 (1998)
Internet country code: .mc
Internet hosts: 533 (2004)
Internet users: 16,000 (2002)
TRANSPORT
Railways:  
Highways: total: 50 km
paved: 50 km
unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.)
Waterways:  
Pipelines:  
Ports and harbors: Monaco
Merchant marine: registered in other countries: 54 (2005)
Airports: none; linked to the airport at Nice, France by helicopter service (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:  
Airports - with unpaved runways:  
Heliports: 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) (2004 est.)
 
 
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